MINERALS / CRITICAL MINERALS
Beyond Rare Earths
Battery metals, semiconductors, and defense materials essential for national security and technological leadership.
5
Battery Materials
3
Electronics
2
Defense
2
Other Critical
Battery Materials
Powering the EV revolution and grid storage
Li
Lithium
Battery Materials
Applications
EV batteriesGrid storageConsumer electronics
Supply Risk
highDemand Growth
500% by 2030Co
Cobalt
Battery Materials
Applications
Cathode materialsSuperalloysCutting tools
Supply Risk
highDemand Growth
300% by 2030Ni
Nickel
Battery Materials
Applications
High-energy batteriesStainless steelAlloys
Supply Risk
mediumDemand Growth
200% by 2030Mn
Manganese
Battery Materials
Applications
Battery cathodesSteel productionAluminum alloys
Supply Risk
mediumDemand Growth
150% by 2030C
Graphite
Battery Materials
Applications
Battery anodesLubricantsRefractories
Supply Risk
highDemand Growth
400% by 2030Electronics & Semiconductors
Essential for chips, displays, and communications
Ga
Gallium
Electronics
Applications
Semiconductors5G technologyLEDs
Supply Risk
highDemand Growth
250% by 2030Ge
Germanium
Electronics
Applications
Fiber opticsInfrared opticsSolar cells
Supply Risk
highDemand Growth
200% by 2030In
Indium
Electronics
Applications
Touch screensSolar panelsSemiconductors
Supply Risk
highDemand Growth
180% by 2030Defense Applications
Critical for national security and military systems
W
Tungsten
Defense
Applications
Armor-piercing munitionsCutting toolsAerospace
Supply Risk
highDemand Growth
120% by 2030Sb
Antimony
Defense
Applications
Flame retardantsAmmunitionBatteries
Supply Risk
highDemand Growth
100% by 2030Supply Risk Assessment
Critical minerals ranked by supply chain vulnerability
| Mineral | Category | Applications | Supply Risk | Demand Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|
LiLithium | Battery Materials | EV batteries, Grid storage | high | 500% by 2030 |
CoCobalt | Battery Materials | Cathode materials, Superalloys | high | 300% by 2030 |
NiNickel | Battery Materials | High-energy batteries, Stainless steel | medium | 200% by 2030 |
MnManganese | Battery Materials | Battery cathodes, Steel production | medium | 150% by 2030 |
CGraphite | Battery Materials | Battery anodes, Lubricants | high | 400% by 2030 |
GaGallium | Electronics | Semiconductors, 5G technology | high | 250% by 2030 |
GeGermanium | Electronics | Fiber optics, Infrared optics | high | 200% by 2030 |
InIndium | Electronics | Touch screens, Solar panels | high | 180% by 2030 |
WTungsten | Defense | Armor-piercing munitions, Cutting tools | high | 120% by 2030 |
SbAntimony | Defense | Flame retardants, Ammunition | high | 100% by 2030 |
TiTitanium | Aerospace | Aircraft components, Medical implants | medium | 150% by 2030 |
VVanadium | Energy Storage | Grid batteries, Steel alloys | medium | 300% by 2030 |